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Medications For Anxiety Disorder and Depression The use of medication can help a lot of people manage anxiety, but they aren't the only solution. Exercise and psychotherapy can be effective treatments too. Certain antidepressants, such as SSRIs (citalopram, Lexapro, fluoxetine, Prozac, paroxetine, Zoloft) also treat anxiety. Others, such as histamine blockers such as Vistaril (hydroxyzine) can help relieve anxiety. Antidepressants If you're diagnosed with depression, your doctor might prescribe medication as part of a treatment program. Antidepressants are one of the most common prescription drugs and there are a variety of kinds to pick from. The type of antidepressant that your provider prescribes will depend on your symptoms, additional medical conditions and treatment goals. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and serotonin-noradrenaline reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) are among the most commonly prescribed antidepressants. These drugs work by altering the way your brain's nerve cells communicate. They do this by increasing the levels of certain neurotransmitters, which helps improve mood and anxiety. It can take several weeks for antidepressants to begin to work, so be patient. Benzodiazepines can also be prescribed by your doctor to treat depression or anxiety. These are very fast-acting medications and can be utilized as a short-term remedy to reduce the symptoms of depression and anxiety. The Benzodiazepines include lorazepam, alprazolam and other. They block the actions of noradrenaline and adrenaline which are hormones that participate in the fight or flight response. Monoamine oxidase inhibitors are an older kind of antidepressant that can be effective in treating anxiety and depression. They are usually prescribed to those who have not had a response to other antidepressants. They also require changes to diet to prevent hypertensive effects caused by the amino acid tyramine. If you're taking an antidepressant prescription, tell your doctor about any other medications you're taking, including vitamins and supplements. You may need to reduce the dose if other medications interfere with how antidepressants function or if you experience negative side effects. Seek help immediately if you have thoughts of suicide. There are many signs of depression and anxiety or you could have a combination of depression and anxiety. Those with comorbid depression and anxiety have a less favorable medical outlook than those who suffer from either disorder on their own. Certain psychiatric medications have been proven to be particularly effective in treating both disorders in people with a comorbidity of anxiety and depression. Benzodiazepines Anxiety symptoms can be relieved by drugs known as benzodiazepines. These include alprazolam (Xanax), the clonazepam (Klonopin) as well as chlordiazepoxide (Librium) diazepam (Valium) and lorazepam (Ativan). These medications act on the central nervous system's benzodiazepine receptors which are protein molecules comprised of 5 transmembrane subunits that create a benzyl-chloride channel in the middle. The benzodiazepine receptors also possess an affinity site for the inhibitory neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutryic acid type A (GABA-A). The benzodiazepines decrease nerve activity by increasing GABA-A levels. The benzodiazepines have a fast time to begin their action, however they have a high chance of dependence and addiction. Antidepressants, anticonvulsants and antipsychotics and buspirone all have a longer onset of action but are better options for long-term use, as they do not cause tolerance or create addiction. Depression and anxiety disorders are often comorbid, and antidepressants can reduce depression symptoms that are associated with anxiety. Many people suffering from depression experience an overlapping of anxious and depressive symptoms. They'll need to combine medication with talk therapy to manage their symptoms. In these cases benzodiazepines are used for short periods of time to manage anxiety and depression symptoms until other medication takes effect. Typically, these drugs are only prescribed for just a few weeks at a time and are not used on a daily basis. These medications should not be used for prolonged periods of time because they may trigger withdrawal symptoms like shaking or difficulty sleeping. If you're considering taking benzodiazepines, inform your doctor about any previous dependence or substance abuse issues as well as any other mental health problems you suffer from. Your doctor will be able to discuss potential adverse effects and suggest other treatments for depression, if needed. Benzodiazepines can cause serious, potentially life-threatening issues if you take too much or have not previously used them. If you are nursing, pregnant or have a history of liver disease or respiratory or digestive disorders Your doctor may recommend lower doses or reduce the duration of your treatment with these drugs. Alcohol can interact with benzodiazepines and can increase the risk of adverse effects and dependence, therefore it is advised not to drink alcohol while you are taking these medications. Beta-blockers Beta-blockers can be used as an aid to manage anxiety symptoms. They are a different kind of drug than benzodiazepines such as Xanax, and they block receptors that adrenaline binds. They also reduce the activity of the nervous system and brain. They can be an alternative to benzodiazepines which are more prone to the risk of addiction and dependence. Beta blockers, which lower blood pressure and slow heart rate, are frequently prescribed to treat heart problems. They are also beneficial in treating anxiety. They are not FDA-approved to treat anxiety disorder. They are typically employed “off label” to treat this condition, and are a good alternative if other anti-anxiety drugs do not offer relief or have unacceptable adverse effects. They are particularly effective in cases of social and performance anxiety, where physical symptoms can occur when an event triggers anxiety. They can also be utilized in conjunction with other treatment modalities, such as CBT or SSRIs. They are particularly effective as an add-on therapy for those with GAD which is characterised by constant and unremitting worry that affects daily activities. disorders anxiety can also assist in managing physical symptoms of anxiety such as a racing pulse or increased sweating. While beta-blockers can help to manage the physical symptoms of anxiety, they do not tackle the psychological issues that contribute to the anxiety. They are best used as a complement to other treatments, such as SSRIs and benzodiazepines. It is important to discuss your medical history and other health concerns with your doctor prior to taking beta-blockers. The use of these drugs is associated with reduced psychiatric hospitalisations and suicidal behaviour, but the results vary depending on the specific psychiatric condition and psychiatric history prior to the diagnosis. Additionally they are associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular events in some patients. There are a few natural ingredients that have beta-blocker-like properties, but they are not as effective as prescription drugs. They include antioxidants as well as saffron, garlic and potassium. These natural supplements are not completely comprehended. Certain supplements could cause serious adverse side effects, so it's best to consult a physician prior to taking these supplements. Monoamine oxidase inhibitors Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) are used to alter the way your brain works. They interfere with the function of an enzyme known as monoamine oxidase, which breaks down the chemicals serotonin and norepinephrine that allow brain cells to communicate with one and each other. By blocking monoamine oxide, MAOIs allow more of these chemical messengers to stay in your brain. This improves brain cell communication, and improves your mood. These drugs are also effective for treating anxiety disorders. This includes agoraphobia mixed depression and anxiety states. However, they are not as effective in states of pure anxiety and may not help with panic attacks. The effectiveness of MAOIs is connected to the fact that they boost levels of dopamine, norepinephrine and serotonin in the brain. These neurotransmitters are naturally produced by the body and released into bloodstreams where they travel to nerves cells and act as messengers. The first antidepressant that was developed in the 1950s was Iproniazid, which inhibited monoamine oxidase. This led to other MAOIs such as tranylcypromine, isocarboxazid and fluoxetine, which are widely used to treat depression. MAOIs are usually prescribed after other types of antidepressants, such as tricyclic antidepressants or serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors, have been tried without success. MAOIs can trigger severe withdrawal symptoms when abruptly stopped. They can also trigger dangerous interactions with food and drugs. A newer MAOI, MAOA-A, which is a selective and irreversible inhibitor is being researched for its use in treating depression resistant to treatment. It is not recommended for treatment of bipolar disorder as it can precipitate manic symptoms. Selegiline, a newer MAOI (also called Eldepryl or Zelapar) has been researched for treatment of Parkinson's disease. It blocks monoamine oxidase however, it does not alter other enzymes that break down levodopa the main treatment for Parkinson's. These medications can be used either on their own or in combination with other antidepressants. In certain patients, the MAOIs could trigger a reaction that causes increased neuromuscular excitability and hyper-reflexia. This may manifest as eyelid twitching, and other symptoms. These reactions are more common when these drugs are taken together with certain foods like aged cheeses and cured meats.